The effect of Malva sylvestris and Malva Neglecta aqueous extracts on the oral mucosal wound healing in Wistar rats

Background and Aims: Herbal mouthwashes can improve the oral mucosal wound healing process. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of aqueous extracts of Malva sylvestris and Malva neglecta leaf with common mouthwashes on the oral mucosal wound healing process. Materials and Methods: In this Lab trial, an incision was made into the buccal mucosa of 36 Wistar rats using a surgical blade to a depth of superficial fascia and length of 5 mm. Then, 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash, 10% Malva neglecta, 10% Malva sylvestris, and normal saline were used for rinsing the rats' mouths three times a day in four experimental groups. On the 4th, 7th, and 10th days, three rats from each study group were randomly selected. Incisional biopsies were made and evaluated using an optical microscope regarding the number of inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, collagen density, and the wound healing process. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS software (version 19) using ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Results: Groups treated with M. sylvestris and M. neglecta showed the best statistical, clinical, and microscopic healing results with lower inflammatory cells, and more fibroblasts and collagen density compared to other groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, M. sylvestris and M. neglecta extracts can be used in mouthwashes to accelerate the healing process of oral wounds.